What is acid reflux disease?

Acid reflux disease (ARD) occurs when stomach acid used for digestion repeatedly backs up, or refluxes, into the esophagus. Acid reflux disease is also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD.

How heartburn happens

Causes of heartburn When you eat, millions of tiny pumps in your stomach produce the acid that helps you digest food. Unfortunately, stomach acid can flow back into your esophagus, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. This usually happens when the valve between your stomach and esophagus (called the lower esophageal sphincter, or LES) does not work properly. Normally, this valve opens to allow food and liquids to enter the stomach, and it closes to keep acid and food in the stomach. But if it doesn't close all the way or if it opens too often, stomach acid can move up into your esophagus. And with continued exposure to stomach acid, the esophagus may become irritated and possibly damaged, a condition known as erosive esophagitis.

Is it heartburn or acid reflux disease?

Persistent heartburn two or more days a week, despite treatment and diet changes, could be acid reflux disease. Since heartburn and other symptoms of acid reflux disease affect different people in different ways, it's important to talk to your doctor. Only your doctor can diagnose acid reflux disease and determine if there is any damage to your esophagus.

Symptoms of acid reflux disease

Acid reflux disease affects different people in many different ways. Persistent heartburn is the most common symptom, but other possible acid reflux disease symptoms include:

• Stomach acid rising
• Sour taste in the mouth
• Burning in the throat
• Pain or burning in the chest
• Waking up at night because of heartburn

More about acid reflux disease

For more information about acid reflux disease, its symptoms, and possible treatment options, take a look at our Frequently Asked Questions.